Your Guide to the Collection

Museum Map

13 halls, the Foundations Annex, 172 exhibits — one continuous story: how humanity learned to keep secrets

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Suggested route: Start in Hall I and follow the historical connections, then visit the Foundations Annex for the mathematics. The halls cover overlapping traditions and different security goals, rather than one inevitable path from simple ciphers to a single “unbreakable” system.

Reading the Exhibits

Trust Labels

Cipher and protocol exhibits carry one of four labels indicating their modern security status. People, places, institutions, principles, fiction, cultural exhibits, and mathematical foundations carry no cipher trust label. Click a label on any exhibit to return here.

Broken

Cryptographically broken — historically important but unsafe to use today.

Historical Only

Obsolete or historical system; notes distinguish cryptanalysis from capture or other operational compromise.

Educational

A didactic construction for learning cryptographic concepts, not for security.

Secure (Modern)

Still considered secure when used correctly with modern key handling.

Architectural Floor Plan

The Building

Click any hall or exhibit to enter. Your last-visited hall is highlighted.

The Cipher Museum
ENTRANCE · WRITING CONTEXT FROM c. 1900 BCE
MILITARY & TRANSPOSITION WING
MACHINES & CURIOSITIES WING
VII
Mechanical Cipher Machines
1467 – 1956
● Alberti Disk ● Enigma ● Lorenz ● SIGABA ● Typex ● Fialka + KL-7 · Geheimschreiber · Kryha · M-94 · Red · JN-25 · Purple · Navajo
SPECIAL EXHIBITIONS
X
Hall of Codebreakers
9th century – 2023
● Elizebeth Friedman ● Agnes Driscoll ● Joan Clarke ● Bill Tutte ● Dilly Knox ● Mavis Batey + Rochefort · Beurling · Yardley · Kahn · Dunin · Lasry · GCHQ Trio
XI
Modern Cryptography
1976 – Present · + historical context
● DES ● Diffie-Hellman ● RSA ● AES ● SHA-256 ● ECDSA ● Zero-Knowledge + SIGSALY · Bletchley Park · Cabinet Noir · Microdot → Wider landscape
XII
Unsolved Ciphers
~1700 BCE – Present
● Voynich ● Kryptos K4 ● Beale ● Dorabella + Phaistos · Shugborough · D'Agapeyeff · Somerton · McCormick · Z-13/Z-32
XIII
Cipher Culture
pre-79 CE – Present
● Bach motif · Dancing Men · Gold-Bug ● Cicada 3301 · ARG ciphers · MIT Mystery Hunt ● Sator Square · Freemason pigpen tradition
FOUNDATIONS ANNEX — THE MATHEMATICS UNDER THE CRYPTOGRAPHY
Reference

Complete Cipher Index

The 152 cipher and cultural exhibits plus 3 research case studies are organized below; the 17-exhibit annex remains at §141–157.

The Roster · 152 Cipher & Cultural Exhibits + 3 Research Case Studies
#CipherHall
01ScytaleBrokenI
02Caesar CipherBrokenI
03Polybius SquareBrokenI
04MonoalphabeticBrokenII
05HomophonicBrokenII
06PlayfairBrokenII
07Hill CipherBrokenII
08VigenèreBrokenIII
09BeaufortBrokenIII
10PortaBrokenIII
11GronsfeldBrokenIII
12Running KeyBrokenIII
13Rail FenceBrokenIV
14Columnar TranspositionBrokenIV
15Double TranspositionBrokenIV
16Bifid CipherBrokenIV
17Trifid CipherBrokenIV
18Fractionated MorseBrokenIV
19Nihilist CipherBrokenV
20ADFGX CipherBrokenV
21ADFGVX CipherBrokenV
22Bazeries CipherBrokenV
23VIC CipherHistorical OnlyV
24Stager CipherHistorical OnlyVI
25Confederate VigenèreBrokenVI
26Dictionary CodeBrokenVI
27Alberti Cipher DiskBrokenVII
28Jefferson DiskBrokenVII
29Enigma MachineBrokenVII
30Lorenz CipherBrokenVII
31Navajo Code TalkersHistorical OnlyVII
32Pigpen CipherBrokenVIII
33Bacon's CipherBrokenVIII
34Tap CodeBrokenVIII
35Zodiac CipherBrokenVIII
36One-Time PadSecure (Modern)IX
37Vernam CipherSecure (Modern)IX
38The Great Cipher (Rossignols)BrokenII
39Babington Plot CipherBrokenII
40Voynich ManuscriptHistorical OnlyXII
41AtbashBrokenI
42ROT13BrokenI
43Four-Square CipherBrokenII
44Two-Square CipherBrokenII
45Straddling CheckerboardBrokenV
46ChaocipherBrokenVII
47M-209 (Hagelin C-38)BrokenVII
48Copiale CipherBrokenVIII
49Beale CiphersHistorical OnlyXII
50KryptosHistorical OnlyXII
51Solitaire / PontifexHistorical OnlyIX
52Purple (Type 97)BrokenVII
53AutokeyBrokenIII
54NomenclatorBrokenII
55Book CipherBrokenV
56Dorabella CipherHistorical OnlyXII
57SIGABA (ECM Mark II)Historical OnlyVII
58TypexHistorical OnlyVII
59DES (Data Encryption Standard)BrokenXI
60Diffie-Hellman Key ExchangeSecure (Modern)XI
61RSASecure (Modern)XI
62AES (Advanced Encryption Standard)Secure (Modern)XI
63SHA-256Secure (Modern)XI
64Egyptian SubstitutionI
65Histiaeus TattooHistorical OnlyI
66Aeneas TacticusI
67Kama Sutra CipherBrokenI
68Arabic NomenclatorsBrokenI
69Wadsworth CipherBrokenVII
70Geʼez Context and a Teaching ModelEducationalI
71Rosetta StoneI
72TrithemiusBrokenIII
73Affine CipherBrokenIII
74Wheatstone CryptographHistorical OnlyIII
75Wallis CiphersBrokenIII
76Cardano AutokeyBrokenV
77Argenti FamilyBrokenV
78Cardano GrilleHistorical OnlyV
79Culper Ring CodeHistorical OnlyV
80Arnold-André CipherHistorical OnlyV
81IRA Cipher TrafficBrokenV
82Che Guevara’s Checkerboard and PadHistorical OnlyV
83Diana CryptosystemHistorical OnlyV
84Vietnamese Underground CodesEducationalV
85Red Army Faction OTPEducationalV
86Null CipherHistorical OnlyV
87Chinese Telegraph CodeVI
88Morse CodeVI
89Zimmermann TelegramBrokenVI
90Commercial CodebooksVI
91Latin American CodebooksEducationalVI
92SlidexBrokenVI
93Fialka M-125Historical OnlyVII
94KL-7Historical OnlyVII
95Geheimschreiber T52BrokenVII
96KryhaBrokenVII
97M-94 Disk and M-138-A Strip SystemsBrokenVII
98Red (Type A)BrokenVII
99JN-25BrokenVII
100Freemason PigpenXIII
101Bach BACH MotifXIII
102Sator Word SquareXIII
103Shugborough InscriptionHistorical OnlyXII
104D'Agapeyeff CipherHistorical OnlyXII
105Somerton ManHistorical OnlyXII
106McCormick CipherHistorical OnlyXII
107Phaistos DiscXII
108VENONABrokenIX
109SIGSALYHistorical OnlyXI
110Microdot SteganographyHistorical OnlyXI
111Bletchley ParkXI
112Cabinet NoirXI
113Kerckhoffs's PrincipleXI
114Station HYPOXI
115Joseph RochefortX
116Arne BeurlingX
117Dilly KnoxX
118Herbert YardleyX
119Mavis BateyX
120GCHQ TrioX
121David KahnX
122Elonka DuninX
123George LasryX
124Field HollersXIII
125Gold-Bug (Poe)XIII
126Dancing Men (Conan Doyle)XIII
127Da Vinci CodeXIII
128National TreasureXIII
129Gravity Falls CiphersXIII
130Cicada 3301XIII
131MIT Mystery HuntXIII
132Krypto ARGXIII
133Agnes Meyer DriscollX
134Bill TutteX
135Elizebeth Smith FriedmanX
136Joan ClarkeX
137Leo MarksX
138Mary Stuart Castelnau LettersBrokenX
139Patterson Cipher for JeffersonBrokenII
140Bible Code (ELS)VIII
158ECDSASecure (Modern)XI
159Shamir's Secret SharingSecure (Modern)XI
160Zero-Knowledge ProofsSecure (Modern)XI
161NEMAHistorical OnlyVII
162Hagelin C-36 / C-52BrokenVII
163Fleissner Turning GrilleBrokenIV
164Myszkowski TranspositionBrokenIV
165Rasterschlüssel 44BrokenIV
166German Double PlayfairBrokenII
167AMSCO TranspositionBrokenIV
168Turing–Welchman BombeVII
169ColossusVII
170UA-8295XI
171SoDarkBrokenXI
172NFC AuthenticationXI

Continue to §141–157 · Hall of Foundations — the mathematics under the cryptography →

Research case studies: what was actually attacked?

UA-8295: altered firmware and forensic evidence · SoDark: eight-round radio linking protection · NFC: authentication, configuration and counterfeit hardware

Compare GPU search, GPRS faults and conditional-linear DES. Each result identifies the target, attacker access and limits of the evidence.